LITERATURE REVIEW
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(Osaze, 2014) In the modern
world, we are all used to the idea that we can create our own documents - but
if you go back 15 or so years - the only way you could create a website was by
understanding 'HTML' - which few did. Products like Dreamweaver and Wordpress
were not around - which meant that pretty much if you wanted to have a website
(internet, extranet, intranet)
then you needed someone with technical skills to
write and design it - but not only that - once they had written it you still
needed someone technical to change it - as it involved reading HTML code to
determine where to add content.
As a result of the
above - anyone with a website pretty much ran a 'centralized creation process'
for web content. The 'norm' would be that if you had information you wanted on
a web page you would send it via email to the 'web team' who would then amend
an existing page or create a new one (if you were lucky you would get to
'approve' the page before it went live - if not you just accepted the
formatting of the web team).
In early days web
Content Management systems were developed to resolve the issue of having highly
experienced technical staff adding low level content to a website. In essence,
a WCMS was invented to allow non-technical staff to create or amend web pages
without the need to involve the technical staff (effectively removing the issue
that existed with centralized web teams).
Unlike a traditional
Document Management System that does not necessarily enforce a structure on the
documents being created - a WCMS typically enforces a structure on the pages
being created - often referred to as templates. The structure (representing the
layout 'code' for the web page) is typically concealed from the editor or
author - so that the only task they have to complete is the insertion of
content into a 'blank structured web page'.
While products like
Dreamweaver, Frontpage and more recently Wordpress have evolved to emulate the
above scenario with features such as drag and drop resulting in the generation
of code without technical know how.
Today there are very
few web content management tools on the market today that talk only about the
process of creating and managing content. As the web surfers have evolved to
demand enhanced user experiences - driven by using tools like ebay and amazon -
and the dominance of social tools like LinkedIn, Twitter and Facebook in
driving what users 'expect' as an enhanced journey - so too have the WCMS tools
and with the advent and popularity of Programming and Scripting Languages such
as PHP, Perl and Python people saw the need to simplify the process of content
management and updating and started to develop software and programs that could
take of the increasing needs of web users.
Whilst
'personalization' also referred to as 'segmentation' is not new to the online
user experience it has until the last few years been typically very expensive
to achieve based on the underlying cost of the CMS tools offering this
functionality.
Similarly, WCMS tools
now often include a whole array of social tools that are used to create two
ways conversations with the visiting audience reflecting the increased desire
for users to be able to express opinions freely about a given service or
product.
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(The beginner‘s guide to content management systems) Clearly state that a
good website is regularly updated and grows over time. In this e-book we show
you how administering the content on a hungry website shouldn’t be painful.
The question is why use a
Content management system, first for easy administration for business that
require constant administration say stores like konga , Ebay, blogs etc. needs a contentment management system because
updating manually takes time as you find yourself trying to type out the new changes
in the different pages to meet the real time demand of your client, content
management system is a backend system that allows you to make changes that
automatically reflects across the site hence there is no need for constant
supervision
Using a content management
system saves additional costs as you no longer need to pay anyone to design and
manage your site. It is also very easy to use.
Content management system
also takes less space, less data and reduces repetition, it is usually easy to
edit as seen in price change, it also facilitate quick page creation as each
element require to build a website is stored in the database and hosted on the
server
Contents are generated by you
but content management system makes it easier as you don’t need to code, the
content are written by you but it must be in a time you are not required
elsewhere say lecture time, office time, home and official function etc. it is
advised that ideally put aside a couple of hours each week to write content or
alternatively delegate to employee or business partners
Content management system is
secure as it helps you create specific user profile and gives each person
permission to change or contribute only to the section of the site you feel is
necessary, you also decide whether the contributions are automatically
published or whether they pass through an approval hierarchy thus allowing you
indulge more employee in the day-to-day running of the site without risking
mistakes or inappropriate behaviours.
Contents can be changed from
anywhere because content management system is web based
User generated content
quality over quantity: content management system supports user generated
content which is a popular way for website to grow as it relies on people
giving you useful content for free reducing the pressure of you continually
providing content
Content management systems
allows users enter comments in words, add images, videos and other content
through forms and other feature
Content management system is
easy to use as it takes your mind away from design, colour, image and layout to
more important content which is more important to avoid producing lots of
waffle quantity over quality, your content should be what people want to read,
you are responsible for what content you put thus place yourself in the
customer’s shoes if you were in the market and want to buy a particular product
and were using Google for research what do you want to see? What advice will
you find helpful.
Useful content are rewarded
by higher traffic and use engaging words for your target audience
(MICAN, TOMAI, & COROÅž, 2009) Open Source CMS are an alternative that facilitate the development
of online collaborative communities. After studying the theoretical part
regarding the application of Web CMS’s, we managed to create a questionnaire on
their use. Moreover, we reviewed the main types of Web CMS, programming
languages and facilities provided by them. The results have shown that the
frequency of use is very high. We also noticed that the programming languages
used by most of the users are: PHP, ASP and Java, and the most common content
management system used is Joomla Consequently, the most important
functionalities are: the existence of an editor that allows the editing of the
source code, organization facility for content with the help of tags, import
functionalities from different formats as well as the WYSIWYG editor,
restricted access and the existence of a back-up system. Similarly, we should
consider other functionalities such as: the personalization of user interfaces
and content, accessibility from mobile phones, addition of the ping and
track-back option, automatic optimization, as well as dynamic pages for search
engines. Hence, we intend to in-crease the work sample that would allow the use
of econometrics models and the establishment of relations and dependencies.
(Wakode, 2013) defined content
management system(CMS) as a software program that makes building and maintain a
website faster and easier. He also stated that the system can automatically
pull the content out and show it on the appropriate pages based on the rules
you set up in advance and CMS available nowadays varying based on functionality
and platform.
This paper discusses about
the comparative study of most widely used content management system Joomla and
Drupal, it also attempts to analyze each CMS
based on usage, design, performance, scalability, compatibility with
different platforms, security purpose and search engine visibility in order to
help individual and organization to choose an appropriate CMS for specific web
application.
(Thakur, 2015) defined CMS as a
website’s “content” as it is a combination of different components: text,
graphics, images, scripts, included files such as flash animations, audio/video
streams or downloadable files. All these may be component of one page included
in an HTML page using links or sometimes integrated in the HTML page itself.
CMS organize and classify
these components by dividing contents from layouts(i.e document template) thus
a CMS treats content and layout in separate ways it also allows using the same
content in different document and format for different media ( “cross-media
publishing”).He also clearly stated some of its functions and advantages and
the different types of CMS.
(Region, 2008) They started by
summarizing a Web Content Management System (WCMS) is a web application that
facilitates a group of users, usually from different departments in an enterprise, to collaboratively maintain
and organize the content of a website in an effective manner. Over the past few
years, web content management systems have grown in importance as more and more
organizations communicate and publish their information via the web. Like other
web-based applications, WCMS’s applications are exposed to the same set of
common security threats found in any network and web-based operation or
process. In this paper, we will outline the common security concerns of WCMS,
and provide a number precautionary consideration. A Web Content Management System (WCMS) is a web application that
facilitates a group of users, usually from different departments in an enterprise,
to collaboratively maintain and organize the content of a website in an effective
manner. Over the past few years, web content management systems have grown in
importance as more and more organizations communicate and publish their
information via the web. Like other web-based applications, WCMS’s applications
are exposed to the same set of common security threats found in any network and
web-based operation or process. In this paper, we will outline the common
security concerns of WCMS, and provide a number precautionary consideration.
(Inc, 2011)
Describes CMS today as not just a simple business tool bus has become a core
part of the enterprise. It also describe open source technology as a solution
to exorbitant CMS cost because it is a complex enterprise system, they also
finalized how institutions-Scotish bank has benefitted from its transactions to
open source CMS
Recent Pioneers have embraced
open source software to power their enterprise as open source software
revolution was ignited by the latest generation of technologist eg an open
source project is Linux and software’s like Drupal, Joomla which is a Content management system, while
there are plenty open source critics, their arguments and rebuttal was
discussed as stated as part of our findings for this report.
REFERENCES
Inc, C. G. (2011). Open source 2.0 for content
management system. CGI Group Inc.
MICAN, D., TOMAI, N., & COROÅž, R. (2009). Web
Content Management Systems, a Collaborative Environment in the Information
Society. BabeÅŸ-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania: Faculty of
Economics and Business Administration,.
Osaze, O. (2014). Content management system.
Elele,Rivers State,Nigeria.: Madonna University Department of computer
sceience.
Region, T. G. (2008, Februray). WEB CONTENT
MANAGEMENT SYSTEM. Retrieved October 12, 2015
Thakur, S. (2015, july 2). study mafia.
Retrieved september 7, 2015, from Content Management System Seminar PDF Report
and PPT: http://studymafia.org/content-management-system-seminar-pdf-report-and-ppt/
The beginner‘s guide to content management systems. (n.d.). Retrieved October 19, 2015, from netregistry:
www.netregistry.com.au
Wakode, B. (2013). Study of content management system
joomla and drupal. IJRET:International Journal Research in Engineering and
Technology, 569-573.
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